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Survey of Eucalyptus Nursery Diseases in Central and South West Ethiopia

Published in Plant (Volume 9, Issue 4)
Received: 13 October 2021     Accepted: 4 November 2021     Published: 19 November 2021
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Abstract

Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis and E. globulus) is the most widely planted exotic tree species in Ethiopia, where it is utilized for construction materials, industries, and fuel wood. From 2012 to 2013, field studies were carried out in Jimma, West Shewa, and South West Shewa Zones of Oromia regional states, focusing on agro-ecological zones to investigate diseases and pathogens associated with seedlings. Nurseries of E. camandulesis and E. globulus located in various areas were surveyed, wherever possible at different stages of growth of seedlings. A total of 12 Eucalyptus spp. nurseries were surveyed across three different Oromia regional zones. Powdery mildew, damping-off, leaf spot, and wilting diseases affecting eucalyptus seedlings in nurseries were found on both eucalyptus species. During this investigation, nursery seedlings in the examined area became weakly infected and displayed visible symptoms on both Eucalyptus spp. Alteranria, Pestalotiopsis, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia solani, Cylindrocladium, Botrytis cinerea, Odium spp and Phoma spp, are associated with disease symptoms. All recorded diseases vary from place to place and bed to bed depending on seedling age, seedling type, and microclimatic condition and nursery management practices. More surveys and identification of nursery diseases and inoculum sources need to be conducted in order to suggest for management procedures to produce high quality seeding in Ethiopia.

Published in Plant (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.plant.20210904.12
Page(s) 93-96
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Eucalyptus Seedling, Nursery, Leaf Spot, Damping-off, Powdery Mildew

References
[1] Abebe, M., & Tadesse, W. (2014). Eucalyptus in Ethiopia Risk or Opportunity. Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research.
[2] Alemu, G., J. Roux and M. J. Wingfield, (2003). Diseases of exotic plantation Eucalyptus and Pinus species in Ethiopia. S. Afr. J. Sci., 99: 29-33.
[3] Aveskamp, M. M., J. de Gruyter, J. H. C. Woudenberg, G. J. M. Verkley and P. W. Crous. (2010). Highlights of the Didymellaceae: A polyphasic approach to characterize Phoma and related Pleosporalean genera. Studies in Mycology, 65: 1-60.
[4] Brown BN, Ferreira FA, (2000). Disease during propagation of eucalypts. In: PJ Keane, GA Kile, FD Podger, BN Brown, eds. Diseases and Pathogens of Eucalypts. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO Publishing, 119–51.
[5] Crous, P, W., Groenewald, J. Z., Mansilla, J. P., Hunter, G. C., Wingfield, M. J. (2004) Phylogenetic reassessment of Mycosphaerella spp. and their anamorphs occurring in Eucalyptus. Studies in Mycology 50, 195-214.
[6] Darge, W. A. (2017). Diversity of Pathogenic Fungi on Plantation Forests of North and North-West Ethiopia. International Journal of Phytopathology, 6 (2), 27-34.
[7] Derero A, Mamo N and Kelemu K (2011a) Strategic actions for integrated forest development in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa.
[8] Getahun, A. (2003). Eucalyptus farming in Ethiopia: the case for eucalyptus woodlots in the Amhara region.
[9] Gilbert G. S. (1995). Rain Forest Plant Disseases: The Canopy –Understory Connection Selbyana 15: 75-77 pp.
[10] Hunter, G. C., Jolanda, R. O. U. X., Wingfield, B. D., Crous, P. W., & Wingfield, M. J. (2004). Mycosphaerella species causing leaf disease in South African Eucalyptus plantations. Mycological Research, 108 (6), 672-681.
[11] Keane, P. J., Kile, G. A., Podger, F. D. and Brown, B. N. (eds). (2000). Diseases and pathogens of eucalypts. CSIRO, Collingwood, Victoria. 565p.
[12] Kidanu S “using Eucalyptus for soil and water conservation on the highland vertsoils of Ethiopia” (2004).
[13] Mbora, A., Lillesø, J. P. B., & Jamnadass, R. (2008). Good nursery practices: a simple guide. World Agroforestry Centre.
[14] Mohammed, N. Y. (1999) Importance and resistance of some fungi associated with degraded eucalyptus trees.
[15] Nyeko, P., & Nakabonge, G. (2008). Occurrence of pests and diseases in tree nurseries and plantations in Uganda: a study commissioned by the Sawlog Production Grant Scheme (SPGS). Department of Forest Biology and Ecosystems Management, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
[16] Old, K. M., Wingfield, M. J & Yuan, Z. Q. (2003). Manual of diseases of Eucalyptus in South-East Asia. Centre for International Forestry Research. Bogor, Indonesia.
[17] Sutherland, J. Diekmann, M. & Berjak, P. 2002. Forest tree seed health for germplasm conservation. IPGRI Technical Bulletin 6. 85 p. Rome, Italy. ISBN 92-9043-515-1.
[18] Suwannarach, N., Kumla, J., Bussaban, B., & Lumyong, S. (2012). New report of leaf blight disease on eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) caused by Pestalotiopsis virgatula in Thailand. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 34 (2), 306-309.
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    Kumela Regasa Tiki. (2021). Survey of Eucalyptus Nursery Diseases in Central and South West Ethiopia. Plant, 9(4), 93-96. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20210904.12

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    ACS Style

    Kumela Regasa Tiki. Survey of Eucalyptus Nursery Diseases in Central and South West Ethiopia. Plant. 2021, 9(4), 93-96. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20210904.12

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    AMA Style

    Kumela Regasa Tiki. Survey of Eucalyptus Nursery Diseases in Central and South West Ethiopia. Plant. 2021;9(4):93-96. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20210904.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.plant.20210904.12,
      author = {Kumela Regasa Tiki},
      title = {Survey of Eucalyptus Nursery Diseases in Central and South West Ethiopia},
      journal = {Plant},
      volume = {9},
      number = {4},
      pages = {93-96},
      doi = {10.11648/j.plant.20210904.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20210904.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plant.20210904.12},
      abstract = {Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis and E. globulus) is the most widely planted exotic tree species in Ethiopia, where it is utilized for construction materials, industries, and fuel wood. From 2012 to 2013, field studies were carried out in Jimma, West Shewa, and South West Shewa Zones of Oromia regional states, focusing on agro-ecological zones to investigate diseases and pathogens associated with seedlings. Nurseries of E. camandulesis and E. globulus located in various areas were surveyed, wherever possible at different stages of growth of seedlings. A total of 12 Eucalyptus spp. nurseries were surveyed across three different Oromia regional zones. Powdery mildew, damping-off, leaf spot, and wilting diseases affecting eucalyptus seedlings in nurseries were found on both eucalyptus species. During this investigation, nursery seedlings in the examined area became weakly infected and displayed visible symptoms on both Eucalyptus spp. Alteranria, Pestalotiopsis, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia solani, Cylindrocladium, Botrytis cinerea, Odium spp and Phoma spp, are associated with disease symptoms. All recorded diseases vary from place to place and bed to bed depending on seedling age, seedling type, and microclimatic condition and nursery management practices. More surveys and identification of nursery diseases and inoculum sources need to be conducted in order to suggest for management procedures to produce high quality seeding in Ethiopia.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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    T1  - Survey of Eucalyptus Nursery Diseases in Central and South West Ethiopia
    AU  - Kumela Regasa Tiki
    Y1  - 2021/11/19
    PY  - 2021
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    JO  - Plant
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    SN  - 2331-0677
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20210904.12
    AB  - Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis and E. globulus) is the most widely planted exotic tree species in Ethiopia, where it is utilized for construction materials, industries, and fuel wood. From 2012 to 2013, field studies were carried out in Jimma, West Shewa, and South West Shewa Zones of Oromia regional states, focusing on agro-ecological zones to investigate diseases and pathogens associated with seedlings. Nurseries of E. camandulesis and E. globulus located in various areas were surveyed, wherever possible at different stages of growth of seedlings. A total of 12 Eucalyptus spp. nurseries were surveyed across three different Oromia regional zones. Powdery mildew, damping-off, leaf spot, and wilting diseases affecting eucalyptus seedlings in nurseries were found on both eucalyptus species. During this investigation, nursery seedlings in the examined area became weakly infected and displayed visible symptoms on both Eucalyptus spp. Alteranria, Pestalotiopsis, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia solani, Cylindrocladium, Botrytis cinerea, Odium spp and Phoma spp, are associated with disease symptoms. All recorded diseases vary from place to place and bed to bed depending on seedling age, seedling type, and microclimatic condition and nursery management practices. More surveys and identification of nursery diseases and inoculum sources need to be conducted in order to suggest for management procedures to produce high quality seeding in Ethiopia.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Central Ethiopia Environment and Forest Research Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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